4D Flow Patterns and Relative Pressure Distribution in a Left Ventricle Model by Shake-the-Box and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Analysis

The development of reliable techniques and analysis tools is essential for the application of hemodynamic biomarkers in clinical practice. A commercial piston pump (Vivitro Labs Inc., BC, Canada) was used to impose a sinusoidal-like volume change of the external pressure chamber with a cardiac cycle period of 857 ms (70 bpm, systolic duration of 300 ms, stroke volume 50 ml). The results show that the pressure distribution along the (longitudinal) base-apex axis reverses at the onset and the termination of the LV filling and ejecting, respectively.