A novel 3D-Printed preferential posterior mitral annular dilation device delineates regurgitation onset threshold in an ex vivo heart simulator

...This work shows the design and implementation of a 3D-printed valve dilation device to preferentially dilate the posterior mitral valve annulus... ...In brief, a custom 3D-printed left heart chamber (Fig. 2A) was mounted to a pulsatile linear piston pump (ViVitro Superpump, ViVitro Labs, Victoria, BC, Canada) with the ability to generate physiologic conditions … ...this annular dilation device provides the means to investigate the design and optimization of novel annuloplasty rings....