Comparison of Three Dimensional Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area to Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Quantifying Mitral Regurgitation

The aim of our study was, to evaluate 3-D color Doppler proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) as a tool for quantitative assessment of mitral regurgitation (MR) against in vitro and in vivo reference methods. A customized 3-D PISA software was validated in vitro against a flowmeter MR phantom. Sixty consecutive patients, with ≥mild MR of any etiology, were recruited and the regurgitant volume (RVol) was measured by 2-D PISA, 3-D peak PISA, 3-D integrated PISA, using transthoracic (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).