Echo planar imaging–induced errors in intracardiac 4D flow MRI quantification

A pulsatile hydraulic piston pump (Vivitro Labs, Victoria, Canada) was connected to the tank with semirigid tubing. This pump, positioned outside the scanner room, generated a sinusoidal-like pulsatile waveform with 70-bpm frequency without net flow, resulting in a pressure waveform inside the tank that created contraction of the filled LV phantom with a 300-ms systolic period and 50-mL stroke volume.