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Michael A. Bielecki, Julianne H. Spencer, Paul A. Iaizzo
Pumping New Life into Heart Research: How ViVitro's Superpump is Changing TAVR Studies In this study, researchers took a unique approach by reanimating swine and human hearts with a ViVitro Superpump to investigate how TAVR implantation affects coronary pressure. Using the Superpump and detailed CT scans, they measured what they call the Estimated Leaflet to Ostium Distance, or ELOD, and found a clear correlation: the shorter that distance, the more coronary pressure could drop. In other words, by getting these hearts beating again in a lab setting, they demonstrated that ELOD might be a better predictor of coronary obstruction risk than some traditional measurements. It’s a solid example of how ViVitro’s technology is helping refine our understanding of heart valve procedures, all without the need for animal or patient trials.
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Visit SourceAlbrahimi, E., Aka, I. B., Alhaj Ali, M. H., Korun, O., Odemis, E., Ipek, G. doi:10.3791/68173 (2025).
In this study, researchers leveraged the ViVitro Pulse Duplicator System to replicate physiological cardiac function and evaluate mitral valve performance under controlled, reproducible conditions. The system enabled precise control of key hemodynamic parameters—such as heart rate, systolic-to-diastolic ratio, and stroke volume—providing a realistic simulation of cardiac cycles. Through its automated computation of critical values including regurgitant volume and pressure gradients, the Pulse Duplicator simplified complex analyses and enhanced data accuracy. By enabling real-time, quantitative hemodynamic assessment, the ViVitro system served as an essential bridge between computational models and in vivo testing. It allowed researchers to validate surgical repair strategies for congenital and pediatric mitral valve anomalies in a biologically relevant, ex vivo environment. This standardized testing framework accelerates translational research and ensures that novel repair techniques are optimized for patient safety and clinical efficacy before entering human trials. Through its unmatched precision and reproducibility, the ViVitro Pulse Duplicator System continues to empower innovation in cardiovascular device development and surgical training—driving forward the future of mitral valve repair research.
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Visit SourceMeskin, M., Starkey, P.A., Kaspersen, A.E. et al. Sci Rep 14, 1864 (2024).
To understand the mechanisms and to assess the performance of cardiac devices and interventions, in vitro models can be used to replicate the complex physiological interplay between the pulmonary veins, left atrium, and left ventricle. It includes a pulsatile electromechanical pump (SuperPump AR Series, ViVitro Labs, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada) that provides the volume changes in the rigid LV chamber during the cardiac cycle. This study presents a new versatile left heart MCL that accurately captures the complex and interrelated sequences of left heart events and provides supplementary understanding of left heart fluid dynamics.
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Visit SourceZhu Y, Park MH, Pandya PK, Stark CJ, Mullis DM, Walsh SK, Kim JY, Wu CA, Baccouche BM, Lee SH, Baraka AS, Joo H, Yajima S, Elde S, Woo YJ. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2023;12(4):326-337
The goal was to preserve the native aortic valve (AV) leaflets in patients with aortic root aneurysm with or without aortic regurgitation (AR). The ex vivo system consists of a linear piston pump (ViVitro Superpump, ViVitro Labs, Victoria, BC, Canada) to generate a physiologic waveform in compliance with ISO 5840 standards. Similar to our previous ex vivo evaluation of the VSARR operation, we again confirmed that SG, compared with sinus containing graft, most closely recapitulated the native aortic root biomechanics.
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Visit SourceShin Yajima, Yuanjia Zhu, Charles J. Stark, Robert J. Wilkerson, Matthew H. Park, Elde Stefan, Y. Joseph Woo, The American Association for Thoracic Surgery
This study aimed to biomechanically evaluate the force profiles on the anterior primary and secondary chordae after neochord repair for anterior valve prolapse with varied degrees of residual mitral regurgitation using an ex vivo heart simulator. Briefly, a 3D printer was used to rapidly develop a prototype of a modular left heart coupled to a pulsatile linear actuator (ViVitro Superpump; ViVitro Labs). In our ex vivo AVP model, moderate residual MR following neochord repair was significantly associated with increased forces for both anterior primary and secondary chordae compared with those of less-than-moderate residual MR.
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Visit SourceLeila Louise Benhassen, Jacob Hesselby Hedensted, Mona Sharghbin, Tommy Bechsgaard, Sten Lyager Nielsen, John Michael Hasenkam, Peter Johansen, European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Volume 63, Issue 5, May 2023
For patients with isolated aortic regurgitation, a double sub- and supravalvular annuloplasty has been shown to reduce recurrent aortic regurgitation after aortic valve repair compared with a single subvalvular annuloplasty. The ventricular chamber was connected to an electromechanical piston pump system (Superpump AR series, ViVitro labs, Victoria, Canada). These two findings support the concept of a functional aortic annulus, where the two levels interact and affect the function and competence of the aortic valve.
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Visit SourceLuca Rosalia, Caglar Ozturk, Jaume Coll-Font, Yiling Fan, Yasufumi Nagata, Manisha Singh, Debkalpa Goswami, Adam Mauskapf, Shi Chen, Robert A. Eder, Efrat M. Goffer, Jo H. Kim, Salva Yurista, Benjamin P. Bonner, Anna N. Foster, Robert A. Levine, Elazer R. Edelman, Marcello Panagia, Jose L. Guerrero, Ellen T. Roche & Christopher T. Nguyen, Nature Biomedical Engineering volume 6, pages 1134–1147 (2022)
Advances in soft robotics have led to the development of high-fidelity simulators of pathophysiology for biomedical applications. An MCL was built using a pulsatile pump (SuperPump, ViVitro Labs), an anatomically accurate compliant silicone aortic vessel (E ≈ 1 MPa, United Biologics) connected to two adjustable compliance chambers (that is, ventricular, systemic), and a resistive valve. The models leverage haemodynamic mimicry and may facilitate the development of patient-specific applications. The models could also facilitate the clinical translation of treatments; in particular, a cohort of AS patients could be recapitulated in an in vivo porcine model, and new treatments could be evaluated preclinically.
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Visit SourceY. Zhu, A. M. Imbrie-Moore, R. J. Wilkerson, M. J. Paulsen, M. H. Park & Y. Joseph Woo, BMC Cardiovascular Disorders volume 22, Article number: 73 (2022)
...The left heart simulator, which has been previously described, features a pulsatile linear piston pump (ViVitro Superpump, ViVitro Labs, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada) to generate physiologic parameters using the pump controller and software (ViVitest Software, ViVitro Labs) programmed in accordance with ISO 5840 standards for in vitro valve testing...The mitral annular dilation system successfully generated an ex vivo mitral annular dilation model with MR...
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Visit SourceS. Zhan-Moodie, D. Xu, K. S. Suresh, Q. He, D. Onohara, K. Kalra, R. A. Guyton, E. L. Sarin, M. Padala. JTCVS Open.
...actuating pump with a viscoelastic impedance (Superpump, Vivitro Labs, London, ON) was connected to the LV, and programmed to generate physiological left ventricular pressures. 0.9% saline was used as the working medium in this flow loop...
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Visit SourceAnnabel M. Imbrie-Moore, Cole C. Paullin, Michael J. Paulsen, Frederick Grady, Hanjay Wang, Camille E. Hironaka, Justin M. Farry, Haley J. Lucian. Y. Joseph Woo - Medical Engineering & Physics Available online 31 January 2020
...This work shows the design and implementation of a 3D-printed valve dilation device to preferentially dilate the posterior mitral valve annulus... ...In brief, a custom 3D-printed left heart chamber (Fig. 2A) was mounted to a pulsatile linear piston pump (ViVitro Superpump, ViVitro Labs, Victoria, BC, Canada) with the ability to generate physiologic conditions … ...this annular dilation device provides the means to investigate the design and optimization of novel annuloplasty rings....
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Visit SourceMichael J Paulsen, Annabel M Imbrie-Moore, Hanjay Wang, Jung Hwa Bae, Camille E Hironaka, Justin M Farry, Haley J Lucian, Akshara D Thakore, John W MacArthur, Jr, Mark R Cutkosky, Y Joseph Woo - European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, ezz258
Posterior ventricular anchoring neochordal (PVAN) repair is a non-resectional technique for correcting mitral regurgitation (MR) due to posterior leaflet prolapse, utilizing a single suture anchored in the myocardium behind the leaflet... ...Porcine mitral valves were mounted in a 3-dimensional-printed heart simulator and chordal forces, haemodynamics and echocardiography were collected at baseline, after inducing MR by severing chordae, and after PVAN repair.... ...PVAN repair eliminates MR by positioning the posterior leaflet for coaptation, distributing forces throughout the valve....
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Visit SourceYen Ngoc Nguyen, Edgar Lik Wui Tay, Foad Kabinejadian, Chi Wei Ong, Munirah Ismail, and Hwa Liang Leo -American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 11 OCT 2019
The deteriorating nature of severe functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) has led to the heightened interest in this pathology... ...In this study, the hemodynamics of the right ventricle (RV) after (i) clover edge-to-edge tricuspid repair and (ii) double orifice tricuspid repair was evaluated in three right heart models using an ex vivo pulsatile platform emulating severe FTR with the aid of stereoscopic particle image velocimetry... … circulation (35). A closed ventricular chamber housing the silicon RV model was directly 184 connected to the pulsatile wave-generating piston pump (SuperPump AR series, ViVitro Labs 185 Inc., Victoria, BC, Canada) to …
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Visit SourceMJ Paulsen, JH Bae, A Imbrie-Moore, H Wang, CE Hironaka, JM. Farry, H Lucian, AD Thakore, MR Cutkosky, WJ Woo … - Journal of Biomechanical Engineering Accepted manuscript posted July 1, 2019 2019
Few technologies exist that can provide quantitative data on forces within the mitral valve apparatus... Using FBG sensors, we created a force-sensing neochord that mimics the natural shape and movement of native chordae.... … Redwood City, CA, USA) was mounted to a programmable pulsatile linear piston pump (ViVitro Superpump, ViVitro Labs, Victoria, BC, Canada) with the ability to generate physiologic conditions using the pump controller and …
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Visit SourceKeyvan Amini Khoiy, Kourosh T. Asgarian, Francis Loth, Rouzbeh Amini - PLOS ONE Published: November 8, 2018
Chordae rupture is one of the main lesions observed in traumatic heart events that might lead to severe tricuspid valve (TV) regurgitation... ...we investigated the changes on TV geometry, mechanics, and function of ex-vivo porcine hearts following chordae rupture... … The schematic of this apparatus is shown in Fig 1. In short, a positive displacement pump (SuperPump AR Series, Vivitro Labs, Inc., Victoria, BC, Canada) was utilized to induce passive beating in porcine hearts …
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Visit SourceCharles H. Bloodworth MS IV Eric L. Pierce PhD Keshav Kohli MS Nancy J. Deaton BS Kaitlin J. Jones BS Radhika Duvvuri BS Norihiko Kamioka MD Vasilis - C. Babaliaros MD Ajit P. Yoganathan PhD - Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions 09 August 2018
...Leaflet tethering commonly seen in functional mitral regurgitation may be a significant factor affecting the severity of MS after MitraClip implantation... … conditions. A piston pump (Vivitro Labs Inc. Victoria, Canada) drove physiological left heart flow within the simulator, while an electromagnetic flow probe (Carolina Medical Electronics, East Bend, NC) measured cardiac output (CO) …
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Visit SourceKeyvan Amini Khoiy, Dipankar Biswas, Thomas N Decker, Kourosh T Asgarian, Francis Loth and Rouzbeh Amini Circulation November 11, 2016, Volume 134, Issue Suppl 1
...study to establish a framework for the measurement of the deformation of TV leaflets in a passive ex-vivo beating heart that mimicked the right ventricular dynamic pressure of the normal hearts. ...apexes of fresh porcine hearts (n= 8) were connected to a positive displacement pump (SuperPump AR Series, Vivitro Labs Inc., BC) to generate pulsatile flow in the right side of the hearts. The superior vena cava was connected to a reservoir as the inflow pathway and the pulmonary artery was used for the outflow pathway...
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Visit SourceKeyvan Amini Khoiy, Dipankar Biswas, Thomas N. Decker, Kourosh T. Asgarian, Francis Loth and Rouzbeh Amini; Journal of Biomechanical Engineering revised August 23, 2016
...For the first time, the porcine valve leaflets deformation was measured in a passive ex-vivo beating heart without isolating and remounting the valve annuli. In particular, the right ventricular apexes of porcine hearts (n = 8) were connected to a pulse-duplicator pump that maintained a pulsatile flow from and to a reservoir connected to the right atrium and the pulmonary arteries... A positive displacement pump 116 (SuperPump AR Series, Vivitro Labs Inc., BC, Canada) was connected to the apex of the right 117 ventricle after an incision was carefully made at this location (as described in more detail below)...
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Visit SourceKonduri S, Xing Y, Warnock JN, He Z, Yoganathan AP. - Ann Biomed Eng. 2005 Sep;33(9):1158-66.
The aortic valve functions in a complex mechanical environment which leads to force-dependent cellular and tissue responses. Characterization of these responses provides a fundamental understanding of valve pathogenesis. The aim of this work was to study the biological characteristics of native porcine aortic valves cultured in an ex vivo pulsatile organ culture system capable of maintaining physiological pressures (120/80 mmHg) and cardiac output (4.2 l/min).
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Visit SourceHadi Daood Toeg, Ovais Abessi , Talal Al-Atassi, Laurent de Kerchove, Gebrine El-Khoury, Michel Labrosse, Munir Boodhwani, - Cardiovasc Surg, 2014
ABSTRACT Aortic valve (AV) repair (AVr) has become an attractive alternative to AV replacement for the correction of aortic insufficiency; however, little clinical evidence exists in determining which biomaterial at AVr would be optimal. Cusp replacement in AVr has... All aortic roots were connected to the ViVitro Left Heart Simulator (LHS; ViVitro Systems, Inc, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada) for baseline valve measurements acting as paired controls...
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Visit SourceJames N. Warnock, Suchitra Konduri; Journal of Biomechanical Engineering: 127, Issue 5; 857.
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